10. What is neon?
This technique is used to create neon signage signs and sculptures by bending glass tubes which are filled with neon or argon gases.

11. What are lost wax and pate de verre?
This technique, is used to transform objects into glass. A wax sculpture is molded with a plaster and refractory mixture. Once wax is removed various forms of glass are placed into the mold and heated in a kiln to create a glass sculpture. Lost wax and pate de verre’s class.

12. What is Painting on glass?
This technique uses different enamel pigments on flat, kiln formed or blown glass. These pigments are permanently fused onto the glass surface at low or high temperatures. Painting on glass’s class.

13. What is kiln working?
This technique is used to modify a sheet of glass by texturing , fusing or slumping using molds, heat and gravity. You can fuse many pieces of glass together at high temperature in a kiln. Kiln working’s class.

14. What is sand casting?
This technique is performed in a hot glass studio. The molten glass is brought up to 1400 degrees Celsius. The fluid glass is poured into sand molds which can be sprinkled with graphite, coloured glass powders or textured. The finished pieces are annealed for many hours. Sand casting’s class.

15. How is glass blown?
Glass blowing is one of the best known and spectacular glass techniques. It is done in a hot glass studio. Transparent molten glass is kept in a furnace at about 1250 degrees Celsius. The glass blower uses a blowpipe to collect glass from the furnace. molten glass has the consistency of honey. Because glass cools quickly outside of the furnace, the glassblower must continuously turns the blowpipe in a reheating unit (gloryhole) to keep the hot glass from drooping or breaking off. A glass bubble is then blown and manipulated using tools like a wet newspaper pads, wooden blocks, jacks and shears etc. and given the desired shape. Also, powdered coloured glass can be added. The finished pieces are annealed for many hours. This technique demands body strength and heat resistance. Useful and decorative objets are created with this technique. Glass blowing class.

16. What are the different cold working techniques?
Some of the cold working techniques are used to engrave, polish, grind and sandblast glass by using equipment like grinding wheels, diamond saw, vertical wet belt sanders, diamond drill, cork and felt polishing wheels to either sculpt or polish glass pieces. Cold working techniques’ class.

17. Where can I find references on glass techniques?
To further your research on the different techniques, we invite you to visit the following site: http://annuaire.idverre.net/4daction/
encyclo_aff_img/1 (French).

18. Can I rent the facilities ?
Espace VERRE reserves its facilities for its students and glass professionals. Please check the Regulations (in french) if you want to have more details, afterwards you can contact the technician.